Adding a Web Service Step by Step Guide for Core Developers (REST 1.x)

This guide walks a core developer through adding a new set of web service methods for a core object.  It is a similar process for module developers, but for that setup, see Adding a Web Service Step by Step Guide for Module Developers (REST 1.x)

Get the Code

The module can be checked out through maven at https://github.com/openmrs/openmrs-module-webservices.rest

You can build the module like any other mavenized module by doing an mvn package in the root module package.

Read the Conventions

The first thing to do is to read through the conventions section on the REST Web Services API For Clients.  This outlines the very basics of the how to name the urls, design the objects, etc.

Testing a URL

Through the webapp

With the webservices.rest module installed, there is a Test page linked to from on the Administration page.

From this page you can make jquery POST/PUSH/GET/DELETE web servces calls to the server and see the results.

The default values are to do a GET on a person.  Check your database for a valid person UUID and try the query. (The post data does not matter in this case)

From command line with CURL

A valid curl call with authentication:

curl -u admin:password http://localhost:8080/openmrs/ws/rest/person/b3f64e4c-860c-11e0-94eb-0027136865c4

Adding new Web Service URLs

This example will use the Location object in the OpenMRS API.

Create a new LocationResource object for the object
See also code for LocationResource

The resource objects are used for the automatic translation into json/xml.

1. In the org.openmrs.module.webservices.rest.resource package, create a new class that extends MetaDataDelegatingCrudResource<Location>.
   1. public class LocationResource implements MetaDataDelegatingCrudResource<Location>
      1. The MetaDataDelegatingCrudResource and DataDelegatingCrudResource class are helper classes for "data" and "metadata" OpenmrsObjects.
      2. The DelegatingCrudResource super class can be used for any other object type
      3. Its also possible to not have a resource class for some simple rest urls.  See the SessionController class.
2. Add @Resource("location") annotation to the class.
   1. This tells the framework to put the resource at uri location: /ws/rest/location/uuid
   2. By convention, resource names are all lower case.
3. Add @Handler(supports = { Location.class }, order=0) annotation to the class.
   1. This allows the webservices.rest module to easily and automatically find our resource.
   2. The module can now look for "any Handler for class Location of type CrudResource" and use that for the json/xml translation
   3. The "order" element means this class has lowest precedence and can be overridden by a module-provided resource for Location
4. Expose properties that are on the Location object through the resource:
   1. Create a method named "DelegatingResourceDescription getRepresentationDescription(Representation rep)"
   2. Switch on the "rep" argument (or use if/else)
   3. Create a DelegatingResourceDescription according to the rep, using addProperty for the properties that you need
   4. Tip: Use description.addProperty("auditInfo", findMethod("getAuditInfo")) for not creator/dateCreated/changedBy/dateChanged properties
   5. Tip2: the MetaDataDelegatingCrudResource class defines the "ref" representation for you. 
5. DO NOT add locationId to the getRepresentationDescription method. That is an internal number that should never be exposed over web services
6. Adding a new property (fullAddress) that is not on the Location object (only done here as an example.  Patient.name is a better example)
   1. There is no Location.getFullAddress() method, so automatic translation of this into json/xml will fail in the webservices module.
   2. Add description.addProperty("fullAddress", findMethod("getFullAddress")) to the getRepresentationDescription method
   3. Add a method SimpleObject getFullAddress(Location location) on the LocationResource class.
      1. This method is called anytime a user requests to see the "fullAddress" property in the json/xml
   4. The implementation of the method can be anything using the Location object.  Something like:
      1. return location.getAddress1() + " " + location.getAddress2() + " " + location.getCityVillage() + " " + location.getStateProvince()
7. Add a newDelegate() method
   1. This is used by the parent class to know how to construct our object (our delegate)
8. Add a save(Location location) method
   1. This is used by the parent class to know how to persist our object to the database.  This is typically just Context.getSomeService().saveMyObject(object)
9. Add a getByUniqueId(String s) method
   1. The parent class calls this for all getters.  You should look up your object by uuid. If your object can also be looked up by a unique name, you can do that in this method as well as the uuid.
   2. This method is what allows your object to be a spring "Converter".  So other WS methods can refer to your object by uuid/name as well
   3. DO NOT look up by primary key.  Primary keys should not exposed over web services
10. Add a purge(Location location, RequestContext context) method
    1. You can get the reason (if needed) out of the request context
11. Add a doGetAll(RequestContext context)
    1. This should return a list of every location objects that is still valid (not retired)
    2. The context object has parameters like "limit", "maxresults", "start", etc
12. Add doSearch(String query, RequestContext context)
    1. This should return a list of location objects with a fuzzy search on the query. 
    2. The context object has parameters like "limit", "maxresults", "start", etc
    3. There is a helper class named ServiceSearcher that you can use to help with the paging, index, etc
13. If you have a non-standard setter method:
    1. TODO
14. Sub resources (like patient name)
    1. TODO

Create the LocationController to house the REST URLs
See also code for the LocationController

The class for registering REST urls is a normal Spring annotated controller. 

1. Create LocationController in the org.openmrs.module.webservices.rest.web.controller package and be sure to extend the BaseCrudController<LocationResouce> class.
2. Add the @Controller annotation to the class
   1. This is so that Spring can find and register our controller
3. Add the @RequestMapping(value = "/rest/location") annotation to the class.
   1. This is a shortcut so we don't have to put "/rest/location" into each one of our method annotations
   2. It also allows us to use the parent class (BaseCrudController) to automatically define further urls
   3. Our urls will actually be located at "/openmrs/ws/rest/location"
   4. The mapping request should use the name of the resource (not the name of its class) and hence should be in all lower case
4. (Optional) Add the public SimpleObject searchByAddress(@RequestParam("address") String address, HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ResponseException method to allow for a custom search by address.
   1. Annotate it with @RequestMapping(method = RequestMethod.GET, params = "address") and @ResponseBody.
   2. Add the @WSDoc("Fetch all-none retired locations with the given address") annotation explaining the purpose of the method and the expected parameter.
5. Thats it!  The parent class deals with adding the GET/POST/DELETE methods for our location object with the right conventions